The Governing Principle
Non-TCS Foods Are Your Green Zone

Indiana's Home-Based Vendor (HBV) program, governed by IC 16-42-5.3, allows you to make and sell non-TCS foods — foods that do not require time or temperature control for safety. If your product is shelf-stable at room temperature and poses no refrigeration-dependent safety risk, you are almost certainly in the clear. The three-column grid below shows every confirmed category.

Open — clearly allowed, sell freely
Restricted — allowed with specific conditions
Prohibited — not permitted under HBV rules
Open
Clearly allowed — no special conditions
🍪 Baked Goods
Cookies, brownies, bread, muffins, scones, donuts, bagels, rolls, tortillas, macarons, pizzelles, fruit pies (not cream or pumpkin)
🍬 Candy & Confections
Caramels, fudge, peanut brittle, bonbons, nougats, buckeyes, chocolate-covered nuts & fruits
🥫 Jams, Jellies & Preserves
Traditional high-acid fruit recipes with full-sugar — the only home-canned product allowed in Indiana
🍯 Honey, Maple Syrup & Sorghum
Honey, pure maple syrup, molasses, sorghum — all allowed without conditions
🌿 Dry Goods & Spices
Dry herbs, spice blends, dry mixes, dry pasta noodles, dry cereals, tea leaves, roasted coffee beans (whole or ground)
🍿 Nuts, Snacks & Popcorn
Tree nuts, legumes, popcorn, kettle corn, caramel corn, granola, fruit leather, crackers, pretzels, vegetable chips, marshmallows
🍄 Cultivated Mushrooms
Farm-grown (cultivated) mushrooms are allowed. Wild-foraged mushrooms need separate certification.
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Restricted
Allowed — but with specific conditions
🥚 In-Shell Chicken Eggs
Must register with the Indiana State Egg Board and follow their labeling requirements. Placard (not label) is allowed for eggs.
🐔 Whole Poultry & Rabbit
Must be raised by the vendor. Sold frozen at markets/stands; refrigerated only if sold on-farm. Volume limits may apply.
🥒 Traditionally Fermented Pickles
ONLY traditionally fermented (no vinegar or acidifier added). Must be stored in open, non-oxygen-sealed containers. Vinegar pickles in jars = prohibited.
🌵 Wild/Foraged Mushrooms
Must be certified in writing by a registered Indiana "Mushroom Expert" before sale.
🍎 Dehydrated Fruits & Vegetables
Case-by-case — depends on final water activity. Testing through Purdue Food Science recommended before selling.
Roasted Coffee Beans
Whole-bean and ground coffee are allowed. Ready-to-drink coffee is prohibited — dry product only.
🥜 Cake Pops & Chocolate-Dipped Items
Allowed if the finished product is shelf-stable. Fillings with cream cheese, custard, or fresh fruit make them TCS — prohibited.
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Prohibited
Not allowed under HBV rules
🫙 Acidified Canned Foods
Vinegar pickles, salsa, chutney, chowchow, pickled green beans — hermetically sealed acidified foods are prohibited.
🥫 Canned Low-Acid Foods
Canned tomatoes, green beans, or any low-acid hermetically sealed product — requires commercial licensing.
🥣 Cooked Vegetable Products
Tomato sauces, pasta sauces, cooked vegetable blends — TCS foods requiring commercial kitchen and licensing.
🥩 Fresh or Frozen Meat
Beef, pork, processed meats — requires USDA-inspected facility. Exception: home-raised poultry and rabbit under restrictions.
🧀 Dairy & Cheese
Milk, cheese, butter, yogurt, cream — all prohibited as standalone products. Fine as ingredients in baked goods.
🧃 Ready-to-Drink Beverages
Juices, kombucha, cold brew, lemonade, bottled water — all prohibited under HBV rules.
🥧 Cream & Custard Pies
Pumpkin pie, cream pie, cheesecake — require refrigeration for safety, making them TCS and prohibited.
🫒 Garlic-in-Oil Mixtures
Botulism risk — hermetically sealed garlic-in-oil is prohibited without commercial processing.
🌱 Raw Seed Sprouts
High pathogen risk — prohibited for home-based vendors.
🥗 Cut Melons, Tomatoes & Leafy Greens
Cut produce is TCS — prohibited. Whole, uncut produce is no longer even regulated under HBV rules (allowed freely).
Why These Rules Exist
Understanding TCS Foods
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What Is a TCS Food?

TCS stands for Time/Temperature Control for Safety. A TCS food is one that requires refrigeration or specific temperature management to prevent the growth of dangerous bacteria, toxins, or pathogens. Under Indiana Code IC 16-18-2-351.7, TCS foods are exactly what Home-Based Vendors may not sell. If your product is safe sitting at room temperature for days — think cookies, jam, popcorn, or dry spice blends — it is almost certainly non-TCS and permitted. If it would spoil or become unsafe without refrigeration, it is TCS and prohibited.

The TCS framework replaced the older "potentially hazardous food" (PHF) language in the 2022 reform. The practical meaning is the same: Indiana is drawing a line between foods that are inherently shelf-stable and those that require a controlled environment to stay safe. Baked goods dry out but don't become dangerous at room temperature. A cream pie, by contrast, can support rapid bacterial growth within hours of leaving a refrigerator.

Indiana doesn't publish a universal pH cutoff for all products, but as a general reference, a water activity at or below 0.85 and/or a pH at or below 4.6 are commonly used benchmarks for non-TCS classification. If your product is borderline — dehydrated fruit, unusual ferments, low-sugar jams — Purdue University's Food Entrepreneurship and Manufacturing Institute (FEMI) offers product testing: ag.purdue.edu/department/foodsci/home-based-vendors.html, phone (765) 494-8256.

One critical nuance: Indiana's HBV rules do NOT preempt local farmers market vendor agreements. A market may have its own product approval policies layered on top of state law. Always check with the specific market before assuming all HBV-allowed products will be accepted at that venue.

Common Product Questions
Restricted
Sourdough Bread

Yes — sourdough is a non-TCS baked good and is fully allowed. The fermentation happens in the dough; the finished baked loaf is shelf-stable.

Prohibited
Hot Sauce & Salsa

Prohibited under HBV rules — both are hermetically sealed acidified foods requiring FDA process filing and a commercial kitchen license.

Prohibited
Kombucha

Prohibited. Live-culture kombucha requires refrigeration and may reach alcohol levels that trigger additional licensing. See the Beverages page.

Open
Pet Treats

Pet food and treats are NOT regulated under HBV rules. They are regulated separately by the Office of the Indiana State Chemist (OISC). Check with OISC before selling.

Restricted
Fermented Pickles

Traditionally fermented pickles (no vinegar or acidifiers, stored in open non-sealed containers) are allowed. Vinegar pickles in sealed jars = prohibited.

Open
Cake Pops & Decorated Cakes

Generally allowed if shelf-stable. Cream cheese frosting, fresh fruit fillings, and custard fillings make the product TCS — those are prohibited.

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Not Sure If Your Product Qualifies?

Contact Purdue Extension's Food Science team before you start selling borderline products. They offer free guidance and paid laboratory testing for pH and water activity. Reach them at their HBV page or (765) 494-8256. Your county health department can also provide informal guidance — find yours at the IDOH county contacts directory.

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Commercial Kitchen = Different Rules

If you want to sell prohibited items — hot sauce, salsa, cream pies, beverages — you have options. Renting time in a licensed commercial kitchen and obtaining a Retail Food Establishment permit opens those doors. This guide covers HBV rules only. See Special Categories for a breakdown of what licensed pathways look like.

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