Washington, D.C. · Home Food Seller Guide

What You Can Sell in Washington, D.C.

DC uses an approved product list — a whitelist model where only specific foods are permitted. Here's exactly what's allowed, what comes with conditions, and what's off the table.

How DC's Approved List Works: Unlike most states, Washington, D.C. does not use a general "non-perishable food" standard. Instead, DC Health maintains a specific approved product list under DCMR Title 25-K § 103.5. Only foods on this list — or products you've individually petitioned DC Health to approve with lab-verified pH and water activity data — may be sold. If a product isn't explicitly on the approved list, it is not permitted, regardless of how shelf-stable it may seem.

What's Allowed, Restricted & Prohibited

Each product below is categorized by its status under DC's cottage food framework. "Restricted" means it's allowed but only under specific conditions. Always verify the current approved list with DC Health before adding a new product to your lineup.

Open Clearly Allowed
Baked Goods
Breads & Rolls All varieties — sourdough, white, wheat, rye, flatbreads, rolls
Cookies & Brownies All shelf-stable varieties; no cream or custard fillings
Cakes & Cupcakes Non-perishable frostings only; no cream cheese, custard, or whipped fillings
Muffins & Scones Shelf-stable varieties; no cream-filled
Bagels & Tortillas All standard varieties
Macarons & Pizzelles Shelf-stable shells and sandwiches without perishable fillings
Waffles & Waffle Cones Dry, fully baked
Pies & Tarts Fruit pies with shelf-stable fillings; no custard or cream
Empanadas & Tamales Fully baked shelf-stable fillings only
Wedding & Celebration Cakes With non-perishable frosting and decorations only
Candy & Confections
Chocolate & Truffles All varieties with shelf-stable ganache or centers
Fudge & Caramels Standard shelf-stable recipes
Hard Candy & Cotton Candy All varieties
Brittles & Nut Bark All shelf-stable varieties
Marshmallows Packaged, shelf-stable
Snacks
Popcorn & Kettle Corn All flavors; shelf-stable packaging
Granola & Trail Mix Shelf-stable; no fresh fruit
Crackers & Pretzels Fully baked, shelf-stable
Dried Fruit & Nuts Commercially dried or home-dehydrated; shelf-stable
Fruit Leathers Dehydrated; shelf-stable
Dry Goods
Baking Mixes & Dry Mixes All dry, shelf-stable blends
Dried Pasta (Dry) Fully dried; not fresh/refrigerated
Roasted Coffee Beans Whole bean or ground; shelf-stable packaged
Dried Herbs & Spice Blends All shelf-stable dried herb and spice products
Tea (Loose Leaf & Bagged) Shelf-stable dry tea products
Dried Cereal Blends Shelf-stable; no fresh ingredients
Preserves & Sweeteners
Jams & Jellies Made with adequate sugar per tested recipes; standard pH-safe formulas
Marmalades Standard recipes with adequate sugar content
Syrups (Sweet) Sugar-based simple syrups, flavored syrups — shelf-stable
Vinegars Plain and flavored vinegars; naturally acidified
Restricted Allowed with Conditions
Baked Goods
Donuts Allowed — must be unfilled. Cream-filled, custard-filled, or jelly-filled donuts are prohibited.
Churros & Danish Allowed if shelf-stable and without perishable fillings or toppings.
Cake Pops Allowed with non-perishable coatings and shelf-stable cake base. No cream cheese or whipped fillings inside.
Honey
Raw & Infused Honey Allowed — but sellers who keep bees must register separately with DC's Department of Energy & Environment (DOEE) per the Sustainable Urban Agriculture Apiculture Act of 2012. Purchased honey used as an ingredient has no separate DOEE requirement.
Non-List Products (Petition Path)
Products Not on the Approved List DC Health may approve unlisted products if you submit pH value and water activity confirmation from a state-accredited laboratory. The product must be demonstrably non-TCS. Approval is at DC Health's discretion and is not guaranteed.
Chocolate-Covered Items
Chocolate-Covered Nuts, Fruit, Pretzels Allowed when the chocolate coating and base ingredient are both shelf-stable. Perishable centers (fresh fruit, cream) make the product prohibited.
Online & Retail Sales
Online Sales Allowed — but only to buyers with Washington, D.C. addresses. Shipping to Maryland, Virginia, or any other state is prohibited and constitutes interstate commerce requiring federal licensing.
Retail Consignment Allowed in DC retail stores. You retain ownership until the consumer purchases — this is the standard consignment arrangement permitted since 2020.
Wholesale to Licensed Retail Establishments Allowed as of June 10, 2025 (D.C. Law 26-7). Covers licensed retail food establishments within DC. [VERIFY with DC Health whether this includes restaurants or only retail shops/grocery/specialty food stores.]
Prohibited Not Permitted
Perishable Foods
Perishable Baked Goods Anything with cream, custard, cheese, or meat fillings — cream puffs, éclairs, cream-filled donuts, quiche, savory filled pastries
Fresh Pasta Refrigerated or fresh pasta requires time/temperature control — prohibited
Cheesecakes & Cream Pies Dairy-based refrigerated desserts — prohibited under TCS rules
Acidified & Canned Foods
Pickles & Pickled Vegetables Acidified foods require FDA-registered processing facilities — not permitted under cottage food law
Fruit Butters Apple butter, pumpkin butter, etc. — insufficient sugar/pectin levels to ensure microbial safety
Low-Acid Canned Foods All home-canned vegetables, beans, soups — require pressure canning and commercial processing
Salsas Acidified product — requires pH testing and commercial processing
Condiments & Sauces
Hot Sauce Acidified food — prohibited under cottage food framework regardless of pH
BBQ Sauce, Ketchup, Mustard All prepared sauces and condiments — prohibited
Pasta Sauce & Marinara Low-acid canned or prepared sauce — prohibited
Infused Oils Risk of Clostridium botulinum growth in anaerobic conditions — not on approved list
Beverages
Fruit & Vegetable Juices All fresh-pressed, cold-pressed, and blended juices — prohibited
Kombucha Fermented, unpasteurized beverage — not on DC's approved list
Cold Brew & Bottled Coffee Beverages requiring time/temperature control — prohibited
Shrubs & Drinking Vinegars (Bottled) Acidified beverages — not on approved list
Meat & Animal Products
Meat Jerkies Meat products require USDA inspection — not permitted under cottage food law
Fermented Meats Salumi, pepperoni, cured meats — USDA jurisdiction; prohibited
Other
Pet Food Explicitly prohibited under DC's cottage food regulations
Vacuum-Sealed Products Reduced oxygen packaging (ROP/vacuum sealing) is prohibited for all cottage food products in DC
Interstate Shipments Shipping any product outside DC borders is prohibited under the cottage food framework

Understanding DC's Approved List Model

Washington, D.C.'s cottage food law is built around a concept that food safety scientists call "non-potentially hazardous" foods — products that do not support the growth of harmful pathogens at room temperature. The two key measures are water activity (aW) and pH. Foods with water activity at or below 0.85, or pH at or below 4.6, generally cannot support the bacteria (like Salmonella, Listeria, and Clostridium botulinum) that cause serious foodborne illness.

Most baked goods, dry goods, hard candies, jams, and packaged snacks naturally fall below these thresholds when made correctly. That's why they're on DC's approved list. Pickles, fruit butters, salsas, and hot sauces — while they may seem safe — fall into a category called "acidified foods" that requires precise pH control and FDA-registered processing to be consistently safe. DC's regulations reflect the scientific reality: these products are too variable in home production environments to be reliably safe without commercial-grade controls.

DC's whitelist approach is stricter than most states' frameworks, but it also provides clarity. If your product is on the list, you can sell it. If it's not, you have a clear petition pathway — submit lab documentation showing your product's pH and water activity, and DC Health will review whether to approve it.

🔬 The Petition Pathway — For Products Not on the Approved List

If you make a product that isn't on DC's approved list but you believe it's non-TCS (non-perishable), DC Health may consider approving it. Here's how:

Step 1: Have your product tested at a state-accredited laboratory for pH value and water activity (aW). Many university food science departments offer this service, as do private food testing labs.

Step 2: Submit the lab results to DC Health for review. Include a full recipe and production description. DC Health will evaluate whether your product qualifies as a non-potentially hazardous food under DCMR 25-K §§ 103.3 and 103.4.

Step 3: If approved, the product is added to your approved product list on file with DC Health. You cannot sell it until approval is received. Approval is at DC Health's discretion and is not guaranteed.

Contact DC Health Food Safety: food.safety@dc.gov · (202) 535-2180

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